| 10 |
coding |
What is HTML? |
HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language and is the primary tool webpages use to communicate with web browsers about the structure and content of webpages |
Hard |
| 11 |
reading |
how can I read better? |
stop and think while you are reading... |
Hard |
| 22 |
js |
what does map() do?
|
Map iterates thru an array like this: const arrayold =[1,2,3];
const arraynew = arrayold.map(item => item + 1.2);"
|
Hard |
| 23 |
js |
what does filter() do?
|
const arrayold =[1,2,3,4];
const greaterthan2 = arrayold.filter(thingy => {return thingy > 2);
|
Hard |
| 24 |
ht |
how to insert an image in html? |
< img src="https://the path to pick.png"> |
Hard |
| 25 |
ht |
attribute that makes new tab open when you click on link ? |
target="_blank" |
Hard |
| 26 |
ht |
how to disable a input |
disabled="disabled" or just disabled |
Hard |
| 27 |
ht |
how to get hover over note in link |
title="whatever you want the note to say" |
Hard |
| 28 |
ht |
how to include doc type |
<!DOCTYPE html> |
Hard |
| 29 |
ht |
how to reference < and > |
(amperstand)lt; (amperstand)gt; |
Hard |
| 30 |
html |
how to get js into html? |
put it in the head also use a script src="javascript.js" defer
defer makes it |
Hard |
| 31 |
html |
Italic, bold, underline… |
<i> same for b and u |
Hard |
| 32 |
html |
how to put an image as a link |
use an a href but sub out the normally underlined text area with a picture using img src="" |
Hard |
| 33 |
html |
how to link to a specific area of a page |
take as an h2 tag give it an id="thisspot" then tack it on the back of the href like this index.html#thisspot |
Hard |
| 34 |
prog |
what is recursion? |
A function is recursive if it calls itself. |
Hard |
| 35 |
prog |
command run in the terminal |
BASH commands |
Hard |
| 36 |
prog |
difference between stack and q |
stack add top take top
q take top add to back |
Hard |
| 37 |
prog |
yield return |
pauses the function until you step back into it later...usually yield returns something else |
Hard |
| 38 |
html |
what do you use to tag generic code |
<code> but it only puts it in monospace type |
Hard |
| 39 |
html |
how to retain whitespace? |
use the < pre > tag |
Hard |
| 40 |
html |
what is the way to tag dates in html? |
&alt time datetime="2014-12-15">15th December 2015</time> |
Hard |
| 41 |
html |
list the main tags in a webpage |
head header nav main body footer
bonus stuff
aside, section, div, span
|
Hard |
| 42 |
html |
how to keep hacker at bay when embedding content |
use sandbox attribute |
Hard |
| 43 |
CSS |
how do you ref css sheet external to html page |
use a link tag |
Hard |
| 44 |
CSS |
how to you use css inside of html? |
use a style element (tag) |
Hard |
| 45 |
CSS |
tool for putting thing where they need to be |
flexbox |
Hard |
| 46 |
JS |
put a script into html header |
either script tag or <script> src-"the/path.js" </script> |
Hard |
| 47 |
js |
reserved words |
abstract arguments await* boolean
break byte case catch
|
Hard |
| 48 |
test |
asdf |
asasdff
asasdff
asasdff
asasdff |
Hard |
| 49 |
test |
adf |
asdf
asdf
asdf
asdf
asdf
asdf |
Hard |
| 50 |
test |
asdf |
asdf asdf asdf asdf
asdf asdf asdf asdf
asdf asdf asdf asdf
asdf asdf asdf asdf
asdf asdf asdf asdf
asdf asdf asdf asdf
|
Hard |
| 51 |
js |
embed a variable |
use backticks alert(`hello, ${variable}`); |
Hard |
| 52 |
js |
null |
means nothing or empty or unknown |
Hard |
| 53 |
js |
typeof operator |
return the type of thing
typeof 0 // "number"
typeof "foo" // "string" |
Hard |
| 54 |
js |
use a unary + to basically do the same as Number(...) |
let apples = "2";
let oranges = "3";
alert( +apples + +oranges ); // 5 |
Hard |
| 55 |
js |
apply an operator to a variable and store the new result in that same variable. |
let n = 2;
n += 5; // now n = 7 (same as n = n + 5)
n *= 2; // now n = 14 (same as n = n * 2) |
Hard |
| 56 |
js |
increment by one |
let counter = 2;
counter++; // works the same as counter = counter + 1, but is shorter |
Hard |
| 57 |
js |
prefix form ++counter increments counter and returns the new value what does the postfix form do? |
counter++ the postfix form returns the old value (prior to increment/decrement). |
Hard |
| 58 |
js |
test for equality |
double equality sign == |
Hard |
| 59 |
JS |
how to check equality without type conversion |
=== |
Hard |
| 60 |
js |
write an if statement for does year = 2022 |
if (year==2022) {
alert ("you got it!");
} |
Hard |
| 61 |
JS |
let vs var |
let will throw an error if you try to declare it twice |
Hard |
| 62 |
JS |
in a string how to escape a character? |
use a backslash |
Hard |
| 63 |
JS |
newline |
|
Hard |
| 64 |
js |
property that counts the characters in a string or slots in array |
.length |
Hard |
| 65 |
js |
get the first letter of const firstName = "Charles";
|
firstName[0]; |
Hard |
| 66 |
js |
example of nested array |
const teams = [["Bulls", 23], ["White Sox", 45]]; |
Hard |
| 67 |
js |
get something into the backend of an array |
.push(); |
Hard |
| 68 |
js |
take one from the backend of an array |
.pop() |
Hard |
| 69 |
js |
how to pull items off the front of an array |
arrayName.shift(); |
Hard |
| 70 |
js |
put thing into an array a 1st position |
arrayName.unshift(itemToAdd); |
Hard |
| 71 |
js |
define a func with two arguments |
function functionWithArgs(arg1, arg2) {
console.log(arg1,arg2);
} |
Hard |
| 72 |
js |
how to get something back from a function |
use return like
function plusThree(num) {
return num + 3;
} |
Hard |
| 73 |
js |
Variables which are defined outside of a function block have _____ scope. |
Global |
Hard |
| 74 |
js |
another way to have a variable be global inside a function |
leave off the let, var , const keyword.... |
Hard |
| 75 |
js |
which variable takes precedence global or local? |
local |
Hard |
| 76 |
js |
once a function hits this keyword it evaluates it and stops |
return |
Hard |
| 77 |
js |
what is the equality operator |
== |
Hard |
| 78 |
js |
strict equality operator |
===
example 3 === "3" //false |
Hard |
| 79 |
js |
when comparing with != or == what does true and false resolve to |
1 and 0 |
Hard |
| 80 |
js |
example of if statement using else if |
if (num > 2) {
return "number is greater than 2";
} else if (num >0) {
return "number is greater than 0";
} else {
return "number is less than or equal to 0";
} |
Hard |
| 81 |
js |
switch statement example |
switch (val) {
case 1:
answer = "alpha";
break;
case 2:
answer = "beta";
break;
case 3:
answer = "gamma";
break;
case 4:
answer = "delta";
} |
Hard |
| 82 |
js |
Objects are similar to arrays, except that instead of using indexes to access and modify their data, you access the data in objects through what are called ______. |
properties |
Hard |
| 83 |
js |
simple cat object |
const cat = {
"name": "Whiskers",
"legs": 4,
"tails": 1,
"enemies": ["Water", "Dogs"]
}; |
Hard |
| 84 |
js |
If the property of the object you are trying to access has a space in its name, you will need to use _______ |
bracket notation. |
Hard |
| 85 |
js |
check to see if object has a property |
object.hasOwnProperty(propname); |
Hard |
| 86 |
js |
complex data structure example |
const ourMusic = [
{
"artist": "Daft Punk",
"formats": [
"CD",
"Cassette",
"LP"
],
"gold": true
}
]; |
Hard |
| 87 |
js |
Fluffy?
const ourPets = [ {
animalType: "cat", names: ["Meowzer","Fluffy","Kit-Cat" ] } ] |
ourPets[0].names[1] would be the string Fluffy (remember the eyeball) |
Hard |
| 88 |
js |
if accessing an object with a variable you need to use |
[] box notation not dot |
Hard |
| 89 |
js |
update artist name (var prop) with "{Prince" (var value) in records object (var id contains prop) |
records[id][prop] = value; |
Hard |
| 90 |
js |
update track value and create array (track var prop) with "1999" (var value) in records object (var id contains prop) |
records[id][prop] = [value]; |
Hard |
| 91 |
js |
append track value array (track var prop) with "1999" (var value) in records object (var id contains prop) |
records[id][prop].push(value); |
Hard |
| 92 |
js |
If value is an empty string, delete the given prop property from the album. |
else if (value ==="") {
delete records[id][prop]; |
Hard |
| 93 |
js |
while loop example add six number to myArray = [] |
let i = 5;
while (i>-1) {
myArray.push(i);
i--;
} |
Hard |
| 94 |
js |
for loop sections |
for (initialize;while;increment) {
do this;
} |
Hard |
| 95 |
js |
count backward from 10 using a for loop pushing results into myArray |
for (let i=10;i>0;i=i-1) {
myArray.push(i);
} |
Hard |
| 96 |
js |
use a for loop to sum an array |
let total = 0;
for (let i = myArr.length-1; i>-1; i=i-1) {
total = total + myArr[i];
} |
Hard |
| 97 |
js |
iterate thru an array with a nested array product of all the nums |
let product = 1;
for (let i = 0; i
| Hard |
|
| 98 |
js |
in a do while loop the code will run at least |
once |
Hard |
| 99 |
js |
construct a do while loop that puts a count of 4 into
const ourArray = [];
let i = 1;
|
do {
ourArray.push(i);
i++;
} while (i < 5); |
Hard |
| 100 |
js |
make a function using recursion summing n elements of an array begin like this
function sum(arr, n) {
|
if (n<=0){// this n is going to be offset before lookin up in array
return 0;
} else {
return sum(arr,n-1) + arr[n-1]; //1st n-1 is simply the second pass thru..next is position in arr.
} |
Hard |
| 101 |
js |
check if a prop is in
const contacts = [
{
firstName: "Akira",
lastName: "Laine",
number: "0543236543",
likes: ["Pizza", "Coding", "Brownie Points"],
}
|
if (prop in contacts[x]) |
Hard |
| 102 |
js |
return the prop value in object
const contacts = [
{
firstName: "Akira",
lastName: "Laine",
number: "0543236543",
likes: ["Pizza", "Coding", "Brownie Points"],
} |
return contacts[i][prop]; |
Hard |
| 103 |
js |
check and see if var name is equal to any of the groups firstname in object
const contacts = [
{
firstName: "Akira",
lastName: "Laine",
number: "0543236543",
likes: ["Pizza", "Coding", "Brownie Points"],
} |
for (let i = 0; i < contacts.length ; i++) {
if (contacts[i].firstName === name) { |
Hard |
| 104 |
js |
use math to generate a random number between 0 and 10 |
Math.floor(Math.random() * (11) + 0) |
Hard |
| 105 |
js |
why no ;? |
function randomRange(myMin, myMax) {
let x =0;
x= Math.floor(Math.random() * (myMax - myMin + 1) + myMin) // note the no ";"
return x ;
} |
Hard |
| 106 |
js |
transform string to number |
parseInt(str); |
Hard |
| 107 |
js |
write out the Conditional (Ternary) Operator for if a > b a is greater otherwise b is greater or equal |
a>b? "a is greater" : "b is greater or equal"; |
Hard |
| 108 |
js |
use shorthand for if then chekc if num is pos neg or zero |
function checkSign(num) {
return num>0? "positive"
: num<0 ? "negative"
:"zero"
} |
Hard |
| 109 |
js |
use recursion to make an array that counts down from n numbers |
function countdown(n){
if (n<1){
return [];
} else {
const countArray = countdown(n-1);
countArray.unshift(n);
return countArray;
} |
Hard |
| 110 |
js |
you need to review this |
//"https://www.freecodecamp.org/learn/javascript-algorithms-and-data-structures/basic-javascript/use-recursion-to-create-a-range-of-numbers" |
Hard |
| 111 |
js |
When you declare a variable with the var keyword, it is declared _______, or _______if declared inside a function. |
globally, locally |
Hard |
| 112 |
py |
something wrong with the way your program is written — punctuation that does not belong, a command where it is not expected, or a missing parenthesis can all trigger a |
syntax error |
Hard |
| 113 |
py |
occurs when the Python interpreter sees a word it does not recognize. |
NameError |
Hard |
| 114 |
py |
If a multi-line string (using begin and end with """) isn’t assigned a variable or used in an expression it is treated as a |
comment. |
Hard |
| 115 |
py |
if then using 2 = 4-2 as conditional print apple |
if 2 == 4 - 2:
print("apple") |
Hard |
| 116 |
py |
sample boolean expression using >= and use and |
statement_one = (2 + 2 + 2 >= 6) and (-1 * -1 < 0) # the key here is to remember that all of the equations on the right resolve to either True or False |
Hard |
| 117 |
py |
write structure of else if |
if planet == 1:
weight = weight * 0.91
elif planet == 2:
weight = weight * 0.38
else:
weight = 1 |
Hard |
| 118 |
py |
Error caused by not following the proper structure (syntax) of the language. |
SyntaxError |
Hard |
| 119 |
py |
Errors reported when the interpreter detects a variable that is unknown. |
NameError |
Hard |
| 120 |
py |
Errors thrown when an operation is applied to an object of an inappropriate type. |
TYPEERROR |
Hard |
| 121 |
py |
add to end of list |
.append() |
Hard |
| 122 |
py |
remove from end of list
example_list = [1, 2, 3, 4] |
.remove(4) |
Hard |
| 123 |
py |
remove False from ben
customer_data = [["Ainsley", "Small" ,True]
,["Ben", "Large", False]
,["Chani", "Medium", True],
["Depak", "Medium", False]] |
customer_data[1].remove(False) |
Hard |
| 124 |
py |
a list method to count th nuymber of occur of element |
.count() |
Hard |
| 125 |
py |
a list method to insert into a specific index |
.insert(index#, element) |
Hard |
| 126 |
py |
remove specific index value from list |
list.pop(index#) |
Hard |
| 127 |
py |
range function starts at __ unless given two numbers and creates range but will need to be converted to a list using the ___ func remember that 2,10 starts with 2 but ends with __ |
0
list()
9 |
Hard |
| 128 |
py |
slice this getting b and c
letters = ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g"] |
letters[1:3] |
Hard |
| 129 |
py |
For our fruits list, suppose we wanted to slice the first three elements. |
fruits[:3]
|
Hard |
| 130 |
py |
slicing syntax |
list[start:end] |
Hard |
| 131 |
py |
count the number of times an element appears in a list |
.count(if str "element" if num #) |
Hard |
| 132 |
py |
how to sort a list in reverse |
list.sort(reverse=True) |
Hard |
| 133 |
py |
.sort _____ the list directly |
modifies |
Hard |
| 134 |
py |
The .sort() method does not return any value If we do assign the result of the method, it would assign the value of |
None |
Hard |
| 135 |
py |
sort a list using a func... it produces a ___ list |
new
sorted(list) |
Hard |
| 136 |
py |
check the num of elements in list |
len(list) |
Hard |
| 137 |
py |
tuples data structure not changeable uses what sign |
my_tuple = ("mike", 43) |
Hard |
| 138 |
py |
unpack a tuple
my_tup =("mike", 24, "programmer") |
name, age, job = my_tup
now if I say
print (name)
output would be
mike |
Hard |
| 139 |
py |
zip does what |
it smashes two lists together to create an object but it needs to be converted to a list by using list(object) |
Hard |
| 140 |
py |
for temp in range(3):
print("Loop is on iteration number " + str(temp + 1)) |
Loop is on iteration number 1
Loop is on iteration number 2
Loop is on iteration number 3 |
Hard |
| 141 |
py |
length = len(ingredients)
index = 0
use while loop to iterate thru ingrediants list |
while index < length:
print(ingredients[index])
index += 1 |
Hard |
| 142 |
py |
When the loop then encounters a continue statement it immediately ____ the current iteration and moves onto the next element |
skips |
Hard |
| 143 |
py |
use a list comprehension instead of the formal for loop
numbers = [2, -1, 79, 33, -45]
doubled = []
for num in numbers:
doubled.append(num * 2) |
doubled = [num * 2 for num in numbers]
[how to change the list...for loop] |
Hard |
| 144 |
py |
list comprehensions
if
if else |
[height for height in heights if height>161]
[height if height>161 else height *3 for height in heights] |
Hard |
| 145 |
py |
using a list comprehension to pull only prices < 30 out of list and grab hairstyle type from other list |
cuts_under_30 = [hairstyles[i] for i in range(len(new_prices)-1) if prices[i] < 30] |
Hard |
| 146 |
py |
keyword indicates the beginning of a function |
def |
Hard |
| 147 |
py |
In Python, there are 3 different types of arguments we can give a function.
__ arguments: arguments that can be called by their position in the function definition.
___ arguments: can be called by their name.
___arguments: given default values. |
Positional Keyword Default |
Hard |
| 148 |
py |
keyword arguements |
calculate_taxi_price(rate=0.5, discount=10, miles_to_travel=100) |
Hard |
| 149 |
py |
default argument
look at discount parameter |
def calculate_taxi_price(miles_to_travel, rate, discount = 10):
print(miles_to_travel * rate - discount ) |
Hard |
| 150 |
py |
help("string") |
MODULE REFERENCE
https://docs.python.org/3.8/library/string |
Hard |
| 151 |
py |
read this list of builtin funcs |
https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html |
Hard |
| 152 |
py |
if return three variables assign them to new vars and = the func call |
ost_popular1, most_popular2, most_popular3 = top_tourist_locations_italy() |
Hard |
| 153 |
test |
testing for shawn |
asdf |
Hard |
| 154 |
py |
replace function |
a_string = "Welcome to Educative!"
new_string = a_string.replace("Welcome to", "Greetings from") |
Hard |
| 155 |
py |
format() method can be used to format the specified value(s) and insert them in string’s placeholder(s). |
string1 = "Learn Python {version} at {cname}".format(version = 3, cname = "Educative") |
Hard |
| 156 |
py |
map(function, list) |
num_list = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
double_list = map(lambda n: n * 2, num_list)
print(list(double_list)) #you have to call list func to turn it back to list |
Hard |
| 157 |
py |
filter |
numList = [30, 2, -15, 17, 9, 100]
greater_than_10 = list(filter(lambda n: n > 10, numList))
print(greater_than_10) |
Hard |
| 158 |
py |
part_A = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
part_B = [6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
use func to merge the two |
part_A.extend(part_B) |
Hard |
| 159 |
py |
common list methods |
aList.insert(index, newElement)
a_list.append(newElement)
|
Hard |
| 160 |
py |
houses = ["Gryffindor", "Hufflepuff", "Ravenclaw", "Slytherin"]
remove the last house |
last_house = houses.pop() |
Hard |
| 161 |
test |
this is my second test |
testing more |
Hard |
| 162 |
py |
houses = ["Gryffindor", "Hufflepuff", "Ravenclaw", "Slytherin"]
|
test |
Hard |
| 163 |
py |
houses.remove("Ravenclaw") |
test |
Hard |
| 164 |
py |
cities = ["London", "Paris", "Los Angeles", "Beirut"]
get the index of LA |
print(cities.index("Los Angeles")) # It is at the 2nd index |
Hard |
| 165 |
py |
cities = ["London", "Paris", "Los Angeles", "Beirut"]
check if London is in cities list |
print("London" in cities) # evals to True |
Hard |
| 166 |
py |
nums = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]
nums_double = []
double numbers in nums and jam it into nums_d list
|
for n in nums:
nums_double.append(n * 2) |
Hard |
| 167 |
py |
nums = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]
use comprehension
double numbers in nums and jam it into nums_d list |
nums_double = [n * 2 for n in nums] |
Hard |
| 168 |
py |
nums = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]
# List comprehension with comdition if n > 20
|
nums_double = [n * 2 for n in nums if n > 20] |
Hard |
| 169 |
py |
two ways to create a dict
note that dict are unordered |
phone_book = dict([(bob, 3151), (henrgy, 5152)])
phone = dict(bob=3151, hengry=5152)
|
Hard |
| 170 |
py |
get cerseti value
phone_book = {"Batman": 468426,
"Cersei": 237734,
"Ghostbusters": 44678}
|
print(phone_book["Cersei"]) |
Hard |
| 171 |
py |
add entry or change a dict value
phone_book = {"Batman": 468426,
"Cersei": 237734,
"Ghostbusters": 44678}
|
phone_book["Godzilla"] = 46394 # New entry
phone_book["Godzilla"] = 9000 # Updating entry |
Hard |
| 172 |
py |
delet key:value pair in dict |
del phone_book["Batman"] |
Hard |
| 173 |
py |
to copy the contents of one dictionary to another, we can use the update() operation: |
phone_book1.update(phone_book2) |
Hard |
| 174 |
py |
union is the whole group of both sets |
setA.union(set_B) |
Hard |
| 175 |
py |
intersection of two sets |
set_A = {1, 2, 3, 4}
set_B = {2, 8, 4, 16}
print(set_A & set_B)
print(set_A.intersection(set_B))
print(set_B.intersection(set_A))
|
Hard |
| 176 |
py |
find the diff (what is only in A)
set_A = {1, 2, 3, 4}
set_B = {2, 8, 4, 16}
|
print(set_A - set_B)
print(set_A.difference(set_B)) |
Hard |
| 177 |
py |
class Employee:
def __init__(self, ID, salary):
self.ID = ID
self.__salary = salary # salary is a private property note the double underscore __
|
Steve = Employee(3789, 2500)
print("ID:", Steve.ID)
print("Salary:", Steve.__salary) # this will cause an error |
Hard |
| 178 |
py |
@staticmethod versus @classmethod |
@classmethod
def getTeamName(cls): #note the cls is like self
return cls.teamName |
Hard |
| 179 |
py |
testing |
testing |
Hard |
| 180 |
py |
private prop |
__userName and __password are declared privately using the __ prefix. |
Hard |
| 181 |
py |
to encapsulate |
use setters and getter functions (more secure) |
Hard |
| 182 |
py |
Inheritance provides a way to |
create a new class from an existing class. The new class is a specialized version of the existing class such that it inherits all the non-private fields (variables) and methods of the existing class. |
Hard |
| 183 |
py |
class ParentClass:
how to inherit all non-private prop/meth
|
class ChildClass(ParentClass):
# attributes of the child class |
Hard |
| 184 |
py |
how to use super()
|
class Car(Vehicle):
def __init__(self, make, color, model, doors):
super().__init__(make, color, model)
self.doors = doors |
Hard |
| 185 |
py |
inheritance from multiple parent classes |
# inherited from CombustionEngine and ElectricEngine
class HybridEngine(CombustionEngine, ElectricEngine):
def printDetails(self):
print("Tank Capacity:", self.tankCapacity)
print("Charge Capacity:", self.chargeCapacity) |
Hard |
| 186 |
py |
polymorphism refers to the same object exhibiting different forms and behaviors.
method overriding (calculate area of circle or square by overwritting the method)
operator overloading (change the way + works for example) |
.... |
Hard |
| 187 |
py |
class Dog: # polymorphism without inheritance
def Speak(self):
print("Woof woof")
class Cat:
def Speak(self):
print("Meow meow")
class AnimalSound:
def Sound(self, animal):
animal.Speak()
|
sound = AnimalSound()
dog = Dog()
cat = Cat()
sound.Sound(dog)
sound.Sound(cat) |
Hard |
| 188 |
test |
this is a question |
here is answer |
Hard |
| 189 |
py |
if you want to let print statements build up on a single line |
print("blah", end="") |
Hard |
| 190 |
py |
six stages of programming |
problem analysis - study it
specs - what it will do
design - pseudocode
implementation - code it
test
maintenance |
Hard |
| 191 |
py |
interger division
remainder |
//
% |
Hard |
| 192 |
py |
objects what can they do |
hold data
do stuff
interact by sending messages
aka request to do something |
Hard |
| 193 |
py |
split date = 11/22/83 |
month, day, year = date.split("/") |
Hard |
| 194 |
py |
format a string |
"this {} a string{}".format("is","!") |
Hard |
| 195 |
py |
more format stuff
set width
precision
left right center |
{0:<5.20} variable to fill, left justify, W ,P |
Hard |
| 196 |
py |
file.read() |
returns sinlge multi line string |
Hard |
| 197 |
py |
file.readline()
|
returns only next line of file inclunding n/ |
Hard |
| 198 |
py |
file.readlines() |
returns a list |
Hard |
| 199 |
py |
local variables do not retain any values from one |
function to the next |
Hard |
| 200 |
py |
python passes all variables by |
value |
Hard |
| 201 |
py |
how to code |
pretend someelse is going to build all your func classes
def main()
print intro
roll to go first
|
Hard |
| 202 |
py |
the general process of determining the imporatnt chara of something and ignoring the other is called |
abstraction... this is a fundamental tool of design... top down level design is a process of finding useful abstractions |
Hard |
| 203 |
py |
types of design |
top down
spiral/prototype-iterate
OOD |
Hard |
| 204 |
py |
range(1,9)
does it include 9? |
No |
Hard |
| 205 |
py |
how to get keys into a list from a dictionary |
#race_list = list(race_dict.keys()) |
Hard |
| 206 |
py |
what is the object constructor |
def __init__ (self): {can also have additional arg} |
Hard |
| 207 |
py |
the value in instance variables is that they can be ____ |
refer to by other methods or even outside of the class |
Hard |
| 208 |
py |
why in a class would you not use the self self.variable |
if you are not going to need the variable elsewhere so it is okay for the variable to vanish once the function done executing |
Hard |
| 209 |
py |
seperation of concerns |
encapsulation |
Hard |
| 210 |
py |
outside the class all interaction should be done with its |
methods... this makes sense because that would be the only thing that would change...aka it keeps code clean and easier to debug |
Hard |
| 211 |
py |
comments place in first line of program or module or func it is called __doc__ attribute and is |
accessible dynamically. |
Hard |
| 212 |
py |
once a module is loaded to actually reload it you must |
reload() |
Hard |
| 213 |
py |
private method |
begin with single or double underscore _ or __ |
Hard |
| 214 |
py |
list methods |
append, sort, reverse, shuffle, index(x) return the index of x, insert, count(x), remove, pop
|
Hard |
| 215 |
py |
dictionary method
dict.___ |
keys, values, 4 both use items
.get(,default)
del dict[key]
dict.clear deletes all
|
Hard |
| 216 |
py |
read page 420 in zelle book on how to do OOD |
... |
Hard |
| 217 |
py |
polymorphism example |
two classes with the same method names (circle and rectangel) method is calculate area...
|
Hard |
| 218 |
ocean |
why does the ocean have waves |
because of the wind |
Hard |